Gain an understanding of the materials used in plastic injection molding. Feel the power that they possess. Develop inventive applications for them, such as toys, blocks, and gears. Each and every substance possesses its own certain benefits. With the help of this site, you will have an easier time selecting the greatest ones!
In the field of injection molding, which plastic materials are the most frequently used?
A.B.S
One example of a material that can be used for plastic injection molding is ABS. The tensile strength of this material is measured at 44 MPa. The impact strength of it is quite strong. The density is 1.04 grams per cubic centimeter. It has a melting point of 220 degrees Celsius. In this way, it is able to take the shape that is required. For LEGO bricks, they employ an ABS material. Heat can be resisted by this substance. This item is really strong.
However, it has been discovered that ABS is particularly well-suited for injection molding. The manufacturing of a wide variety of toys makes use of it. The substance that is utilized in ABS has a reasonably good electrical insulating characteristic compared to other materials. In the manufacturing industry, it is utilized. go to ABS injection molding page to know more about ABS.
Propylene polymer
Polypropylene is a lightweight material. It weighs 0.91 grams per cubic centimeter. It has a tensile strength of thirty megapascals (MPa). This plastic has a high level of resistance to chemicals. At a temperature of 160 degrees Celsius, they shape it. The substance is highly malleable. Material for plastic injection molding such as this is utilized in the production of containers. There is a low rate of moisture absorption by it.
We use it to make ropes out of it. A smooth surface can be found. Recycling is another option for this material. Heat is not a problem for polypropylene. Strong and long-lasting in nature.
The polycarbonate
Polycarbonate is highly durable. The tensile strength of this material is 70 MPa. The density is 1.20 grams per cubic centimeter. The temperature at which it melts is 267 degrees Celsius. This stuff is easy to understand. For lenses, they make use of it. Shatterproof polycarbonate is a material.
UV rays are blocked by it. Materials for plastic injection molding such as this one are quite lightweight. It is utilized by a variety of devices. The impact strength of it is quite strong. A heat-resistant material is polycarbonate. This particular plastic can be utilized in a wide variety of forms. Go to polycarbonate injection molding page to know more about polycarbonate.
A nylon
Nylon is not a weak material. There is a tensile strength of 75 MPa in it. This substance has a density of 1.15 grams per cubic centimeter. At 220 degrees Celsius, the melting point is reached. Wear-resistant materials for plastic injection molding include nylon and other similar materials. Go to nylon injection molding page to know more.
For gears, they make use of it. Water can be absorbed by this material. It is both durable and adaptable. In the case of bearings, for example, nylon is the material of choice. A smooth surface can be found. You can color it with relative ease. This substance has a long lifespan. Textiles are a common application for this material.
Styrene polystyrene
Pseudostyrene is transparent. It weighs 1.05 grams per cubic centimeter. It has a tensile strength of 35 megapascals. This plastic is not flexible. At long last, they heat it to a temperature of two hundred degrees Celsius and mold it.
Materials used for plastic injection molding, such as polystyrene, are relatively lightweight. The cups are made out of it. Insulation is provided by this substance. Plastic is a fragile material. They put it to use in the packing. It is simple to figure out. A cost-effective material is polystyrene. The use of it is widespread. One is able to recycle it.
A PEEK
PEEK is an extremely tough material. The tensile strength of this material is 90 MPa. This content has a density of 1.32 grams per cubic centimeter. The point at which it melts is 343 degrees Celsius. PEEK is resistant to chemical substances. Materials for plastic injection molding, such as PEEK, are utilized in the aerospace industry. The plastic in question is extremely robust. Heat is not a problem for it. The weight of PEEK is low.
A great number of medical equipment make extensive use of it. There is resistance to wear. The substance has a long lifespan. PEEK is particularly well-suited for use in regions that are high in stress. go to peek injection molding page to know more.
PEEK is high temperature materials and high cost material, there are many other high temperature plastic materials as well.
The PVC
PVC is a common material. It has a density of 1.38 grams per cubic centimeter. Fifty megapascals is the tensile strength. Materials used for plastic injection molding, such as PVC, are resistant to water. At 160 degrees Celsius, they form it. PVC is a hard material. For pipes, they make use of it.
Insulation is provided by the material. It is long-lasting. One can also find that PVC is flexible at times. This plastic has a low cost of operations. A wide variety of building materials make use of it. It is simple to figure out. PVC has a wide range of applications.
Acetal Acetal is a material that is robust. The tensile strength of this material is seventy mega Pascals. The density of this material is 1.41 grams per cubic centimeter. At 175 degrees Celsius, the melting point is reached. Acetal has a smooth texture. For the production of gears, plastic injection molding materials such as acetal are utilized. Wear can be avoided using this material. It is enduring and unyielding. Bearings can often be made out of acetal. Easily, they can shape it. The material has a long lifespan. Several other domains make use of this. Acetal may be relied upon.
TPE
TPE is a pliable material. It has a density of 1.2 grams per cubic centimeter. Ten micropascals is the tensile strength. Flexible materials for plastic injection molding include thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). At 200 degrees Celsius, it is shaped. To make grips, TPE is utilized. The material is stretchy in nature.
It has a rubbery texture. This plastic stands up to wear and tear. The coloring of TPE is simple. Toys will make advantage of it. The material is pleasant to the touch. They make frequent use of it in the handles of various objects, including furniture and receptacles. TPE has a wide range of applications.
Go to TPE injection molding, is TPE safe, and what is TPR material page to know more about TPE,
HDPE
HDPEs are quite durable. It weighs 0.95 grams per cubic centimeter. Thirty megapascals is the tensile strength. HDPE and other plastic injection molding materials are extremely durable. A temperature of 130 degrees Celsius is used to form it. HDPE is the material that is utilized for bottles.
The substance is resistant to pressure. It does not weigh much. This plastic has a long lifespan. It is possible to use HDPE for pipelines. Because it does not take in water. It is possible to recycle the material. It’s used in a lot of containers. HDPE can be relied upon.
Dimensions of the Material (g/cm3)Point of Melting (in degrees Celsius)Strength under Tensile (in MPa)Flexural Modulus (GPa) Impact Resistance ABS Impact Resistance1,04 200 forty to sixty2.1 High concentration of polypropylene 0.91 160 30-401.5 Polycarbonate with a moderate percentage 1.20 270 60-70The 2.2 Extremely High Nylon260 70-100 1.15, 260a polystyrene content of 3.0The number 1.05 240 30-503.2 Least amount of PEEK 1.30 340 90-100A 4.0 Very High PVC RatingA total of 1.38 200 40-60A moderate amount of acetal, 1.41 175 60-802.9 Ultra-High TPE 1.15 230 20-301.0 Extremely High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) 0.95 130 20-30This is a moderate table that lists the most common plastic materials that are used for injection molding!
What Are the Most Important Considerations When Selecting Materials for Injection Molding?
Strength under Tension
Force can be measured using tensile strength. It is easier to select materials. ABS is able to withstand 5,400 pounds per square inch. The pressure of nylon is 12,400 psi. In general, the plastic is more durable when the pressure is higher. When determining strength, machines use the kilonewton (kN) unit.
The value of 50 kN is satisfactory. A test to determine whether or not plastic can be broken. Stronger polymers have a longer lifespan. Materials for plastic injection molding, such as polycarbonate, have a pressure of 9,000 pounds per square inch. Pick the one that is the greatest.
Stability in the Temperature
Objects must be able to withstand heat. 170 degrees Celsius is not a problem for nylon. 120 degrees Celsius is no problem for polyethylene. It is important for molds to be stable. Heat can be measured with thermocouples. The temperature is expressed in degrees Celsius.
When heated at high degrees Celsius, do not melt. 140 degrees Celsius is resistance for PP. The one with the highest limit should be chosen. 250 degrees Celsius is not a problem for PEEK. Find the ideal person for the task.
The resistance to impact
The force of impact is important. It demonstrates the durability of the material. The ABS has a capacity of 300 J/m. There is 850 J/m in polycarbonate. It is robust as a result of this. In tests, joules (J) are used. The amount of energy that is consumed up until the point where a material breaks is taken into consideration. Components that have a high J/m ratio are likewise considered to be tough. They are more resistant to shocks. Materials for plastic injection molding, such as nylon, have a density of 400 J/m. Use your discretion.
Being adaptable
Materials flex in a variety of ways. Being flexible is important. TPU is easily bendable. The elongation is 550 percent. Bending polypropylene (PP) is a 200% bend. It is tested by machines. They make use of Mpa. PP has a Mpa of 35.
Flexible plastics do not rupture in a short amount of time. Eighty percent of PVC may be bent. Examine the rates of elongation. This is a better option. Decide on the best option.
The Resistance of Chemicals
Plastics exhibit a distinct resistance to chemicals. PP is quite resistant to acids. PE is resistant to bases. The pH scale is used in the tests. A higher pH indicates a more powerful base. Materials for plastic injection molding, such as nylon, are resistant to a pH of 10.
Resistance is evaluated by the use of tests. Longer-lasting resistance is a good thing. 12 pH is resistant to PVDF. Choose the material based on how it will be deployed.
Amount of Shrinkage
A shrinkage rate has an effect on size. Only 1.5% of nylon shrinks. By 2%, PP decreases. Low shrinking can maintain its shape. % is used for measurements. Measurements are checked by machines. The amount of shrinkage varies depending on the substance. There is a 0.7% contraction in ABS. For greater precision, choose low rates. Polystyrene reduces in size by 0.6%. Verify that it is a good fit.
Resistance to ultraviolet light
UV rays are harmful to plastics. Helpful are UV stabilizers. HDPE possesses a high level of resistance. Exposition is measured using UV testing. nm is utilized by machines. Rays are blocked by UV stabilizers. UV rays are not well absorbed by nylon.
The PP is more resistant. Stabilizers are added by them. Make sure you use UV-resistant polymers. It has a higher resistance to the deterioration caused by sunshine.
Ability to Take in Moisture
Moisture causes plastic to alter. Nylon has a 3% absorption rate. It plays a role in strength. P.P. absorbs 0.03% of the total. Tests make use of percentages. The absorption is measured by machines. Strength is maintained by low moisture. 0.1% of PBT is absorbed.
Choose materials that have a low absorbency. Materials that are used for plastic injection molding continue to be durable and long-lasting. Regarding performance, it is important.
The Surface’s Finish
The surface finish has an effect on appearance. Smooth finishing are important. The roughness is measured using machines. It is seen in Ra units. Reduced Ra, resulting in a smoother surface. It is a good finish for ABS. This is improved by polishing. Shiny PP can be found. Ra is the unit of measurement for roughness. Aim for finishes that are smooth. It would look better.
What kind of impact does the end-use application have on the selection of materials?
Capacity to Carry Load
The plastic has a high strength ratio, and it can support up to fifty kilograms of weight. That material is called ABS. This component needs to be strong. A high MPa will be required for structural components. It makes it difficult to bend.
Having strength is important. This is how strong the PSI is. It is true that this helps to keep things safe. The materials used for plastic injection molding are able to take load stress well. Load stress is an essential factor.
Contact with Chemicals
Some plastics are able to tolerate H2SO4. This area makes use of HDPE. Chemicals are not deterred by this plastic. It’s of utmost significance. It is for the tanks. They have no choice but to be exposed. Corruption can cause damage. Because of this, we use discretion. The resistance is quite stiff. The importance of safety cannot be overstated.
The Temperature Spectrum
Heat is a challenge! The maximum temperature is 150 degrees Celsius. PEEK is the way to go. Heat may be handled by this plastic. It is used in machine parts. They are required to continually maintain their strength. It is important to have thermal stability. It will not heat up.
That ensures the safety of everything. The materials used for plastic injection molding are utilized extensively. The scope of application is quite extensive.
Stress from mechanical forces Strong plastic is essential. The pressure is handled by 100 MPa. The PC works quite well here. Impacts are not deterred by this plastic. The machines require it. It will not be easy to break them. It is essential to do stress testing. Exactly like that, we check. When subjected to pressure, it does not melt. Powerful is the finest!
Anti-wear properties
Plastic must have a long epoch. Extremely robust is the UHMWPE. This substance is resistant to wear. Components that move adore it. Easily, they slip around. There is not much friction. This keeps people motivated to work. This wear rate is not very high. It helps a part last longer. A long life is the ideal. Plastic injection molding materials are known for their long-lasting nature.
Longevity of
Plastic is durable for a decade. It is kept fresh by PTFE. This substance does not age gracefully. It is essential that sections be of a sturdy kind. Time does not affect them. Durability analysis is performed. In this way, we are aware. Longevity is an essential factor. The difficulty persists for a considerable amount of time. This is the reason why we choose it.
In what ways can mechanical properties influence the selection of materials?
Modulus of Elasticity
Some of the materials that are utilized in plastic injection molding, such as polypropylene (PP) or ABS, are capable of being stretched. 2,000 megapascals is the modulus. The rigidity of some of the materials that were chosen is explained by this.
This contributes to the strengthening of a number of different parts. They are able to maintain their shape. The toys are therefore safe. The elasticity of each product is important to consider.
Strength of Yield Both PP and PC are able to bend. The yield strength is thirty megapascals. That they do not wish to be broken is indicated by this. Components such as gears mandate this requirement. Being able to live a long life is facilitated by it. That sustains the operation of equipment. Materials that are used for plastic injection molding help them maintain their shape.
The resistance to fatigue
Both PA and PBT are at a high level. 5000 cycles is the fatigue resistance of the material. This contributes to the toys’ ability to last for a long time. It halts the formation of fractures. Because certain components, like hinges, require it. They are constantly on the move. They are hence long-lasting. Toys continue to be enjoyable. Children like playing for longer periods of time.
Difficulty:
Both HDPE and PVC are durable materials. This material has a hardness of 70 Shore D and is safe to use on surfaces. This makes toys more scratch-resistant than they would otherwise be. Certain components, such as buttons, continue to have a smooth surface. It makes a difference for longevity. Playing is safe for children. Playtime is delightful.
The ductility of
Both PVC and PETG demonstrate the ability to stretch. (30%) is the ductility. This helps the pieces to bend. They are not delicate in any way. It comes into play for straps. This allows toys to maintain their flexibility. Kids are able to bend them. Therefore, it is safe to play. The materials used for plastic injection molding make stretching and twisting a pleasurable experience.
Strength under Shear
Both Nylon and PC are durable materials. The shear strength is sixty megapascals. Parts are less likely to be cut as a result of its presence. This is significant for gears. They do not lose their integrity. This ensures the safety of machines. Kids play with self-assurance. At all times, there is both fun and safety.
Strenuousness
Strong and able to endure force, ABS and PP are both materials. That is 300 J/m2 of toughness. It signifies that they are able to accept punishment. This helps to prevent toys from becoming damaged. Kids engage in rough play. Toys are made to endure longer as a result. It is important for the wheels. They are good at handling drops. Playtime is never a risky venture.
The Strength of Compression
Both PEEK and PSU are dependable. 90 megapascals is the compressive strength. It makes it easier for a part to withstand pressure. In particular, this is of utmost significance for blocks. They do not easily become compacted. Kids are able to stack them.
Building becomes more enjoyable as a result. Toys maintain their shape over time. The materials used for plastic injection molding ensure that playtime is both safe and creative.
If you want to know more molding materials, you can go to injection molding matreials page to know more on how to select injection molding materials.
When it comes to the selection of materials, how important are aesthetic properties?
Choose Your Colors
The colors of plastic can be quite vibrant. They may include Pantone codes, RGB codes, or CMYK codes. This makes playing with toys enjoyable. There is a number that corresponds to each of the different pigments. #FF0000, #00FF00, and #0000FF are some examples of these tags. Choosing favorites is made easier for children by this. Certain types, such as PP and ABS, are quite common.
Texture of the Surface Different plastic textures have a distinct feel. Some have a glossy surface, while others have a rough surface. The children enjoy discovering these. There is also a change in the surface roughness (Ra). Ranges from 0.8 to 3.2 micrometers. This aids in gripping. The surface characteristics of materials such as HDPE and PETG are distinct from one another. They’re great for small hands!